lafeber: george kennan (Default)
[personal profile] lafeber
В 1906 году лауреат Нобелевской премии мира Теодор Рузвельт, помиривший русских с японцами, попытался с ходу реформировать правила орфографии английского языка с целью его упрощения. Им предлагалось писать причастия dropped как dropt. Addresst, possest, wisht. Свою реформу Рузвельт подкрепил соответствующим исполнительным указом (executive order), требуя от чиновников переходить на новый стандарт. Газеты, издеваясь, в ответ обзывали президента Mr. Rucevelt. Главным британским словарям также не понравилась эта идея. В конечном итоге Конгресс и Верховный суд ветировали этот исполнительный указ, и всё вернулось на круги своя.

Date: 2021-05-25 10:55 am (UTC)
tijd: (Default)
From: [personal profile] tijd
Реформу орфографии лоббировал Эндрю Карнеги, в то время - самый богатый американец (в сегодняшних деньгах его состояние было бы около $300 миллиардов).

The English were amused if perhaps a bit offended at this assault on their language. "We ventur to think," mocked one London newspaper, "that even (or evn) Mr. Karnegi (or Karnege) and Prezident Ruzvelt (or Rusvelt) mite manage to get along very wel with the langwige that was gud enuf for ... Washingtun, Erving, Longfelo, Walt Witman, and uthers who have aded lustre to the Amerikan name." The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court was less amused. When the solicitor general submitted a legal brief with the president's new spellings, Justice Fuller made it clear that he preferred they be "dropt."
The House of Representatives delivered the knockout punch when, after raucous debate, the congressmen voted 142-25 to ban the new spellings from federal documents. The next day Roosevelt yielded. "I am sory as a dog," Twain wrote Carnegie. "For I do lov revolutions and violense."
Twelve years and $300,000 later, Carnegie was disappointed to find that the new spellings had not caught in, not even in the reports of the Carnegie Institution of Washington. Carnegie gave up, writing to the director of the Board, "I think I hav been patient long enuf" -- E-N-U-F -- "I have a much better use for Twenty-five thousand dollars a year."

http://www.shoppbs.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/carnegie/sfeature/p_peace.html

Упомянутому Марку Твена часто приписывают сочинение “Plan for the Improvement of English Spelling”, но, как и с некоторыми другими цитатами, приписывание ложное - скорее всего, это британская пародия.

For example, in Year 1 that useless letter "c" would be dropped to be replased either by "k" or "s", and likewise "x" would no longer be part of the alphabet.
The only kase in which "c" would be retained would be the "ch" formation, which will be dealt with later.
Year 2 might reform "w" spelling, so that "which" and "one" would take the same konsonant, wile Year 3 might well abolish "y" replasing it with "i" and iear 4 might fiks the "g/j" anomali wonse and for all.
Jenerally, then, the improvement would kontinue iear bai iear with iear 5 doing awai with useless double konsonants, and iears 6-12 or so modifaiing vowlz and the rimeining voist and unvoist konsonants.
Bai iear 15 or sou, it wud fainali bi posibl tu meik ius ov thi ridandant letez "c", "y" and "x" -- bai now jast a memori in the maindz ov ould doderez -- tu riplais "ch", "sh", and "th" rispektivli.
Fainali, xen, aafte sam 20 iers ov orxogrefkl riform, wi wud hev a lojikl, kohirnt speling in ius xrewawt xe Ingliy-spiking werld.”


А Эндрю Карнеги в итоге оказал огромное влияние на повышение грамотности путём спонсирования сети публичных библиотек https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnegie_library

Date: 2021-05-25 05:22 pm (UTC)
tijd: (Default)
From: [personal profile] tijd
считается самым богатым американцем всех времен

Карнеги - на втором месте https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_wealthiest_historical_figures

У Рокфеллера пик богатства наступил немного позже, с ростом спроса на нефть https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_richest_Americans_in_history#By_half_decade

объединил 10 заповедей в две

Мне еще нравится версия Джима Джеффриса:

"The Bible’s too wordy. The 10 Commandments are a load of shit. You don’t need all these things. The Bible should be one sheet of paper, and on that sheet of paper it should say: ‘Try not to be a cunt.’ And if you do that every day, you'll be a good person."
https://youtu.be/V7AgXwCJeI8

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